Galileo Galilei was an Italian scientist and philosopher who made significant contributions to the fields of astronomy, physics, and mathematics. He is often referred to as the “father of modern science” and is widely considered to be one of the most influential scientists in history. His work was instrumental in the scientific revolution of the 17th century. Here are some of Galileo’s greatest achievements and interesting facts.
Greatest Achievements
One of Galileo’s greatest achievements was his use of the telescope to observe the night sky. He was the first person to observe the moons of Jupiter, the phases of Venus, and the rings of Saturn. Of Jupiter’s moons, he also determined the four largest, and they are now known as the Galilean moons. He was also the first to observe sunspots and to measure the speed of light. He confirmed that the Earth revolved around the sun, a revolutionary idea at the time. He also confirmed the heliocentric theory of Nicolaus Copernicus and observed the phases of Venus, the four moons of Jupiter, and the mountains and craters on the moon.
Galileo Is Relevant In The History Of Multiple Subjects
Galileo was also a renowned mathematician. He developed the modern scientific method and made significant contributions to the fields of geometry, mechanics, and kinematics. He is credited with the invention of the pendulum clock, which revolutionised timekeeping, and that of the thermometer and the compass. He also formulated the law of falling bodies, which states that all objects fall at the same rate in a vacuum.
Galileo also wrote extensively on the topics of religion and philosophy. He was an advocate for heliocentrism, the idea that the Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun. This was a radical idea at the time and put him at odds with the Catholic Church, which believed that the Earth was the centre of the universe.
In further addition to his scientific and philosophical contributions, Galileo was an accomplished musician. He composed numerous pieces of music, including several sonatas and a cantata. Yet another credited invention is the lute, a stringed instrument similar to the modern guitar.
Prosecution And Progress
Galileo’s life and work were not without controversy. As mentioned previously, he clashed with the Catholic Church over his belief in the heliocentric system, which resulted in him being found guilty of heresy and placed under house arrest for the remainder of his life. In modern times, Galileo is seen as a symbol of scientific progress and courage in the face of opposition. His contributions to science helped shape our understanding of the universe, and his legacy is still celebrated today.
Galileo Galilei was a remarkable scientist and philosopher who made significant contributions to the fields of astronomy, physics, and mathematics. His discoveries revolutionised the way we think about the universe and laid the foundation for modern science. He will forever be remembered as one of the greatest scientists of all time.
Exams are, finally, over; revision notes are packed away, shredded, passed on to your sibling, or thrown on the BBQ; the endless balmy days of a British summer lie ahead of you. You can lounge in the sun, meet up with friends, and you don’t have to worry about setting an alarm. And then… and then… results day looms, that day in August* when you will open the envelope, or the message, and find out how well you have done. It’s nerve-wracking. It’s anxiety-inducing. It’s a day that some people would rather not have to deal with. But fear not. It’s not as bad as you think.
It is natural to feel concerned and worried ahead of receiving your exams results. In fact, it is healthy to feel a certain amount of anxiety about different life events. However, spending a lot of your waking hours, and maybe even being kept awake at night due to worrying, is not helpful. So if you are likely to suffer with anxiety in the run-up to your results day in August, the three top tips below might be of use.
What’s Done Is Done
Once you’ve finished your exams, you need to try and remember that there isn’t anything more you can do about results at that point. Some people forensically go back through their responses, they question their friends, they ask their tutors. In reality, it’s done. So, try and put your concerns on the shelf and move on to the next challenge, or relax.
Exams Results Are Not The End Of The World
Exams results days are important, yes, and can dictate what you do next – for example, A-Levels or university. However, if you are anxious about not doing as well as you would like, just remember: whatever results you receive, it will not mean the end of the world. Okay, so they may affect what you do next, albeit temporarily, but you can retake your exams, or maybe even your plans must change – and this might not be a bad thing. Try to rationalise the situation, it will make you feel better.
Enjoy Some “Me” Time
Feeling anxious about an upcoming event can be horrible. So, if you are affected by anxiety like this, try and build in some activities which can help to alleviate such feelings. You might take a walk in the fresh air, appreciate the environment around you. Maybe you get stuck into a good book, or go and kick a football around with your friends. Sitting around dwelling on a potential future situation is not healthy for you mentally or physically – and ‘escaping’ from this mindset in some way can be hugely beneficial.
So, if you start to feel anxious with exam results day looming, try to divert yourself. You’ll feel a whole lot better if you do.
*18th August, Exams Results for A-Level, and 25th August for GCSE.
The Advantages of Revision Podcasts
Do you use any revision podcasts? If you don’t, now is the perfect time to incorporate some into your studies. Research shows that podcasts aid deep learning: they reinforce existing knowledge while also helping you to make links between different topics in a single subject. This is exactly the kind of support you need when exams are just around the corner. What’s more, podcasts are portable, meaning that you can listen to one whenever you want and wherever you are.
If you want to test out the effectiveness of podcasts for yourself, here are some suggestions:
English: GCSE English Revision Pod
Each week, Mr. Forster and Mr. Gallie take listeners through a different theme or topic for English Language and English Literature. Each podcast comes with a downloadable handout, so you don’t need to worry about making notes as you listen along.
Win’s Literary Corner is also well worth a listen, especially if you struggle with the more technical aspects of English, like form and tone.
Maths: GCSE Maths
This podcast from Seneca Learning is popular with students who need some extra help going over key topics for their Maths papers. Every possible topic is covered: from vectors and percentages, to probability and geometry
Science: Science at Schools
In this 26-episode series, your host will take you through Chemistry, Biology and Physics, both the content and the possible question stems. There are notes to accompany each podcast, too.
History: Mr. Allsop History
Mr. Allsop isn’t just a YouTube star; he’s a podcaster, too. He’s covered every historical topic you could ever want to revise and provides an accompanying Power Point for you to download.
Geography: Mr. Hunt’s Geography Podcast
Although these podcasts were originally designed for Mr. Hunt’s own students, they have become a hit with those all over the country. Podcasts vary in length, with each one lasting no more than six minutes, which makes them ideal when you haven’t got a lot of time on your hands.
Business: GCSE Business Podcast
Another one from Seneca Learning, this podcast has 58 episodes in total, so you can guarantee that whatever topic you need, help with will be available. Again, these podcasts come in at around six minutes each, so you don’t need to set aside much time to listen.
One final tip: download a couple episodes of each podcast to your device, so that no matter where you are, you can access your revision and get into the habit of listening!
March 14 is World Pi Day and also marks the 141st birthday of the famous theoretical physicist Albert Einstein. Einstein published the special and general theories of relativity and contributed to many other areas of physics. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.
Never the conformist student, during his years studying at the Zurich Polytechnic, Einstein’s creative rebellion apparently led to his professors giving him less than glowing recommendations upon his graduation in 1900.
Five years later, in 1905—whilst he worked as a clerk in the Swiss patent office, Einstein published four revolutionary articles that introduced his famous equation E=mc2 (meaning energy equals mass times the speed of light squared) and the theory of special relativity.
Einstein’s breakthroughs paved the way for his grand entrance onto the world stage for Physics. His path into academia wasn’t a fast one, however. It took him until 1909, almost a decade after finishing school, to gain a full professorship.
Ever the wise and inspirational academic, Einstein’s thought-provoking quotes on education still inspire us today. Here are 5 of his best, with their meaning given below:
1) “Imagination is more important than knowledge. For knowledge is limited to all we now know and understand, while imagination embraces the entire world, and all there ever will be to know and understand.”
We need to balance our right-brain creativity and imagination with our left-brain logic, and this the key to unlocking new perspectives on the universe.
2) “Concern for man and his fate must always form the chief interest of all technical endeavours. Never forget this in the midst of your diagrams and equations.”
We should put the wellbeing of our planet at the heart of everything we do in our work. We should not treat it as an afterthought.
3) “The only source of knowledge is experience.”
No matter how many years a student of any subject, it’s in first-hand experience that we gain the knowledge to grow.
4) “Education is not the learning of facts, but the training of the mind to think.”
Education is more than merely reciting facts and figures. It’s about developing critical thinking skills, the ability to be able to objectively analyse and evaluate an issue to form a judgement.
5) “Intellectuals solve problems, geniuses prevent them.”
The world needs more people with a spark of ingenuity to anticipate problems and prevent them before they happen.
On World Pi Day, and in celebration of the life and work of Albert Einstein, it’s important to take time to remember and reflect on both his learnings and words of wisdom.
Social media can be a powerful tool for good in education. As Maria Khan said, “Power is gained by sharing knowledge, not hoarding it”. So, if you’re looking for a daily fix of learning, in any subject, from History or Psychology, here are my top 5 must-follow Twitter accounts…
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Psychology and Human Development
Dr Tim O’Brien @Doctob
If you’re intrigued by anecdotes and insights into human behaviour, and want to understand why we act and think as we do, Dr Tim O’Brien is your man. Tim is Visiting Senior Fellow, Psychology & Human Development, UCL @IOE_London. Tim focuses on wellbeing and explores aspects of human nature, encouraging empathy, kindness and understanding.
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Mathematics
Primary Maths @MathsPrimary
Unearth your inner maths geek by following the Head of Maths at Berkhamsted Primary School. If you’d love to master maths (who wouldn’t?) you’ll discover an array of helpful tips, as well as some real-life classroom examples and fascinating facts (and no, it’s not just algebra). The best bits? Those myth-busting, ‘ahh’-inducing posts.
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Science
Neil deGrasse Tyson @neiltyson
Dr. Tyson is an inspirational astrophysicist and author, with 13.5 million followers. Follow him for his knowledge and appreciation of science. You will receive so many awe-inspiring nuggets of information about our beautiful planet and way beyond. In fact, you’ll never look at the world in quite the same way again.
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Languages
If you’re learning a new lingo, are already beautifully bilingual or if your love for language burns brightly, then this is the account for you. Get a daily dose of the interesting facts behind where the words you’re learning come from and what they really mean. You’ll be able to surprise your friends with random facts they never knew, fuelling a whole new passion for language.
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History
Dr Bob Nicolson is a Historian of Victorian Pop Culture and Reader in History & Digital Humanities at Edgehill University. Follow him for amusing and insightful snippets into the Victorians and their era; you’ll find cuttings from Answers magazines and poetry clippings. All served up with a good measure of humour.
By Harry Johnstone, a student with OHS who has some tips for anyone struggling with this classic technical puzzle…
I first got into Rubik’s Cubes when my auntie bought me an original one for Christmas a few years ago, just before we went to France for a month. Throughout the trip I was determined to solve it. I looked all through YouTube for videos on how to solve it and they did help, but I still didn’t quite complete it and struggled a lot. Despite this, I kept trying. Towards the end of the trip I still hadn’t quite solved it, but I had picked up techniques and I knew my way around the cube.
On the last couple of days of the trip we stopped at some family friends for a night. The man we were staying with was a scientist (a theoretical physicist) and a mathematician, and had grown up with Rubik’s Cubes. He helped me and we found a good method on the internet. It was well worded and easy to understand. I then managed to solve the Rubik’s Cube! I could solve it while looking at the method so I could read the algorithms, and later learnt how to solve it off by heart. With the method I used you had to memorise 5 algorithms. That might sound hard, but it’s not that difficult once you get the hang of it.
An algorithm is (In Rubik’s Cube terms) a sequence of moves that get the cube from one step to another. You need to memorise several of them to solve the cube but it’s not very difficult if you practice, as muscle memory will take over. Different methods, with practice, will help you solve it faster, but generally the faster the method, the more algorithms you need to memorise.
I like the Rubik’s Cube because it’s extremely rewarding to finally solve, and fun to time yourself and try to beat your record. It showed me that if I persevere with things I can achieve them, even when it feels impossible. It’s a great logic puzzle that can really mess with your brain sometimes, and it has show value! There are so many different types of puzzles based around the Rubik’s cube. Some are easier, some harder. However, a lot of them have very similar solving methods. So, if you learn how to solve the standard 3×3 Cube, the rest will be a lot easier.
After I learned to solve it, my uncle wanted me to teach him too. It took a while, with a few lessons every now and then when I saw him. But in the end he did it. He managed to solve it off by heart and we often time each other and have races. He also learned how to solve it blindfolded, and started to teach me how to do this. There are other shapes of Rubik’s puzzles, and he can solve most of those too. My uncle also taught my cousin how to solve it. He was five at the time!
I highly recommend the Rubik’s Cube to anyone of all ages. It will take some effort but you will get there in the end. Why not check out the link on its machinations below?
https://www.rubiks.com/en-us/blog/how-to-solve-the-rubiks-cube-stage-1
According to research published by National Numeracy, approximately 17 million workers in the UK only have numeracy skills of a primary school child. That’s a staggering figure, constituting over 50% of the UK’s 2017 working population.
Numeracy is the skill of being able to work with and understand numbers. This includes understanding the rules of addition and subtraction, division and multiplication. It also includes knowing the rules of BODMAS (Brackets, Orders, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction). There is also the skill of working with decimals and fractions.
Poor numeracy also comes at a price. It is estimated that it costs the UK economy an eye-watering £20 billion each year. It’s no surprise, either, that those with poor numerical skills are twice as likely to be unemployed.
At the same time that the UK is seeing such low levels of numeracy, the digital age is overloading us with more numerical data than we’ve ever encountered before. Whilst computers can help do the Maths for us, calculations do rely on good numerical skills to use and apply them. It means we still need the ability to enter the right data and apply our judgement skills to decipher whether or not the answer looks correct.
Almost everyone will need to apply numeracy skills to varying degrees in their lives, be it during employment or personal life. If people do have poor numeracy skills it can lead to financial problems, and if many people have these problems it will have a marked impact on the ability of the nation to understand and grasp personal financial planning. This gives banks and financial institutions an unfair advantage over their account holders.
Research published by Experian and the charity National Numeracy (NN) highlighted that consumers who are more confident with numbers are more likely to have a better credit score than those who aren’t. Evidently there is much improvement needed in terms of the relevance and practical application of numerical skills taught in the UK curriculum.
On the need to place financial education firmly on the UK curriculum, Martin Lewis of Money Saving Expert has said: “The best place to teach is in the classroom”, alluding to the need for better, and perhaps more importantly, relevant financial education in schools. Do you know your APR from your AER? Or the basic tax rate from the higher rate? Navigating the murky waters of bank accounts, tax, pensions and credit cards can cause many people to feel out of their depth. The bottom line is that good numeracy counts.
The good news is that you can start working on your numerical skills today. If you are curious to find out how your numeracy measures up, you can visit the National Numeracy Day website. Held each year to raise awareness of numeracy skills, you can take its challenge on the subject here: www.nnchallenge.org.uk/home/index.html?partner_code=nnd18
Let me get straight to the point and tell you one thing you should not be doing during exams time: stressing!
Many of you have now reached that point you have been preparing for, for so long, and are in the thick of exam season. You have probably read loads of articles on how to revise, how to stay calm on exam day, and so on, but how about what you should be doing while in the momentum of exams?
Hopefully, these tips will help you stay calm, focused and exam-ready.
1. Maintain a Healthy Work/Relaxation Balance
Have you ever been in that situation where you are reading and re-reading the same line in a book but nothing seems to be going into your head? And then you walk away, and come back to it later on, and you only have to read it once?
It is of course important to work hard. But it is just as important to relax.
There is no hard and fast rule for the ratio of working to relaxing. You need to find what works for you and when doing this, the best tip I can give you is, don’t wait until your attention is waning. Take a break while you are still feeling fresh. That way, when you relax, you will simply be taking a break, not ‘recovering’.
Also, think about what you are doing to relax. Since you are in the midst of studying and trying to remember lots of information, try not to do anything that clutters your brain for instance, reading a challenging book. Physical exercise is brilliant.
2. Stay Calm – You Will Never Know Everything!
When looking at last minute Exams revision, it is easy to find topics that you may not know fully and try and cram. But ask yourself, how well are you likely to know that topic after studying it last minute?
In my experience, cramming can work, but only for very small chunks of information, usually to support what you already know. Not when learning something brand new.
You will never know everything, so instead of trying, focus on knowing what you know thoroughly.
3. Study Strategically
Strategic study is key when it comes to exam technique.
You will naturally spend most of your time revising and learning topics – quite rightly. However, make sure that you don’t neglect understanding the assessment objectives – i.e. the criteria the examiner will use to mark your papers.
If you are not aware of the assessment objectives, it doesn’t matter how well you know a subject, you will not be able to craft answers to collect the most amount of marks possible.
The Duke of Edinburgh’s Award (more commonly known as a DofE award) is a multi-tiered scheme that young people can enrol on to boost their prospects. Founded in 1956 by The Duke of Edinburgh, young people aged 14-24 complete activities across three levels for a gold, silver or bronze award. The action takes place across a period of six to eighteen months per award in four sections; volunteering, physical, skills, exhibition and residential.
There are so many benefits that come with participation, both during the activities involved and after, and those who’ve taken part have never hesitated to celebrate its appeal. But what are the rewarding aspects of a DofE award? Why should one partake? Well, any of the following reasons would make for a good answer…
Developing Skills
Obviously, someone can’t be bestowed with awards until they’ve achieved something, and to achieve something they need skills! The DofE principally involves teamwork and leadership skills, but also the improvement of fitness, communication, time management and orienteering. Because of the varied qualities that the award demands, young people can find a sense of self-sufficiency, purpose and fulfilment through their participation. After all, it’s worth pointing out that not everyone is academically inclined.
Thanks to its inclusive format, the DofE award plays a vital role; it gives all young people an opportunity to play to their non-academic strengths, or to be temporarily free from the endless gravy train of vigorous study, exams, results, and resits. Once they recognise that other skills are valued in broader society, such as caring for others or playing sport, they in turn are more likely to feel more useful, content and determined in the years ahead.
Improving Mental Health
Of course, once other skills come into play, things like self-worth and mental health can improve. What about those who are academically inclined, but still struggle with their own demons, though? Well, the DofE can still be rather therapeutic to such individuals, so it’s still worth the taking part!
Because much of the DofE involves orienteering and physical activity, spirits can be lifted on that level as well. After all, exercise and nature are proven to enhance moods and mental wellbeing, causing chemical changes in the brain that can boost one’s own self-esteem. It’s a different kind of challenge to rise to, and even things like fresh air and countryside tranquillity can help calm and relax people too!
The award is not isolating, either. Much of the DofE requires interaction with others and teamwork to problem solve. New friendships can develop and existing bonds can be nurtured, and in the end, no one goes through it all alone. Some of it is a literal adventure with camping and companions, so it might just provide the stimulating shakeup many young people may need in their lives.
Enhancing Applications
These days, everyone is desperate for a standout application. University degrees are more commonplace now than they were a few decades ago, and there’s a greater volume of people vying for the best entry level positions or university placements. Ambitions and aspirations have never been so high, but unfortunately, there’re only so many perfect opportunities to go around.
However, the Duke of Edinburgh’s Award award is certainly an appealing addition to any application. In fact, both employers and universities are known to be impressed by those who have a DofE award on their CV and UCAS applications. It shows that they have outside interests, and lives that are built around goals that aren’t always academically charged. This can indicate to them that the applicant has a broader world view, a more varied lifestyle, and a willingness to engage with new activities and ideas.
A Break From City Life
Contrary to popular belief, cities aren’t everything. After all, for those living in them, it can be tough to consider life outside the urban sprawl. They often struggle to contend with the drawbacks of city life, too. Toilets that charge per use, endless concrete, tarmac, cars, crowded streets and parks, and more. While urban life can be extremely appealing in terms of entertainment, activity and stimulation, sometimes the best kind of life is a varied one.
The DofE provides an opportunity for young city-dwellers to literally get out into the world. During their camping exhibitions and rigorous activities, they’ll come across stretches of fields and woods seldom visited. There are beautiful landscapes to view in all their majesty, and an endless supply of fresh air that’s completely free of pollution. For those who’ve grown up in the big city, a DofE award will help them recognise that there’s a big wide world out there.
Prison Rehabilitation
Many young people lose their way, and unfortunately end up in places like young offenders’ institutions or prisons. Some serve sentences for less serious offences. Others are more violent in nature, caused by the rise of things like knife crime across the cityscape. However, sooner or later, these young people will be released. Therefore, it’s in everyone’s best interests to ensure that when they’re free to go, they’re the best versions of themselves so that they don’t re-offend.
This is where the Duke of Edinburgh’s Award comes in. It has played a part in rehabilitating young people as they have served their sentences, and has ultimately improved their outlook and attitude on release. Some convicts use the award to escape a poor upbringing or to break free of their destructive circumstances. Whatever their reasons, the chance to turn criminals into law abiding members of society is an opportunity too good to miss.
The term STEM refers to a group of subjects; science, technology, engineering and mathematics. All have their own branch subjects as well, such as chemistry and physics for science, and these are considered to be STEM fields also. Obviously, then, it’s an important area of study – but does that mean STEM subjects are the best to pursue, definitively? Are they popular? Are they completely superior to all other subjects in every regard? Let’s do some further investigating and uncover the truth of the matter!
Level of Interest
We can start with the most obvious way to gauge if something really is living up to the hype: determining its popularity. No one is disputing that STEM fields are vital, and each year many talented and innovative minds gravitate towards these areas. Every breakthrough society that has been has, in one way or another, stemmed (pun not intended) from the STEM arena.
But how has that interest fluctuated as time’s gone on? Well, using data from 2013 in a 2017 study, the University of Cambridge discovered that the most popular country for STEM study was actually Germany, with 36% of their students studying in these fields. Only 19% of students in the United States followed suit. The UK didn’t fare much better, as interest waned significantly in Information and Communication technologies, with a mere 9% uptake – a sure surprise in today’s digitised and computer-centric world. Clearly, these aren’t ground-breaking figures.
It could be said that, to some degree, more creative subjects attract a higher intake of students. Lifelong passions become moneymaking opportunities, and there could be greater room for working on things that are perhaps more universally cherished (music, performance, literature, etc). In any event, STEM subjects need a popularity boost!
Discrimination and Behaviour
Needless to say, any career path or academic subject that discriminates on any basis is far from being considered ‘superior’ at all. The aforementioned study from Cambridge regarding STEM subjects simultaneously revealed that there’s a huge gender disparity at the heart of these fields. More men sign up and study these subjects than women in a heavily disproportionate number.
Through a blend of crippling stereotypes and outlandish misconceptions, STEM subjects still fail to involve many women and girls the world over. This isn’t just a minor quibble, but a major problem festering at the heart of these fields, and indeed in other professional circles too. Still, it’s worth mentioning that the arts are practically open to all and are spearheading the movement for representation and equality in all its forms.
A lot of snobbery and antagonistic behaviour can originate here too, so from an attitude and behavioural standpoint, things definitely need to improve. Some might see the unforgiving nature of the STEM field as a process of elimination in ‘weeding out the weak ones’, but frankly, that’s not an entirely helpful or welcoming culture to promote. It’s worth noting that not everyone in the STEM fields subscribes to these attitudes, but on a whole, some changes need to be made.
Job Availability
STEM subjects typically lead to better job prospects. There’s no way around this; the breadth of practical knowledge students acquire in these fields is astounding. The job market is always demanding graduates with these skills, offering great career enhancing opportunities for those who’ve gone down this route. Few STEM graduates will have a hard time finding work.
Should they fail to find a role that suits them, some of these graduates then strike out and launch their own start up tech businesses instead. In that sense, it’s far easier for them to create their own opportunities too, due to the plethora of knowledge they have at their disposal. Admittedly, some creative graduates could likely follow suit and start their own firm depending on their skills, but many of them unfortunately get stuck in a rut after graduation day and find themselves unemployed or being overqualified for the jobs they’re in.
Rate of Pay
Students who enrol on STEM courses will also have an easier time in securing a high rate of pay. The skills they learn are highly specialist, and the jobs themselves often involve enormous amounts of responsibility. While the arts are fulfilling in their own way and pay ludicrously well for the lucky or famous few, it’s the STEM fields that truly change the world with each passing day. Consequently, the pay in these areas skyrockets accordingly.
Unfortunately, it tends to be quite the reverse for those in the arts. Reportedly, arts graduates cost the taxpayer £35,000 each, simply because countless art graduates never earn enough money to pay back their student loan in full. Obviously, this is a rather concerning discovery, and means that many people enrolled on a creative degree won’t ever earn a truly impactful wage. In fact, numerous art graduates end up earning less than non-graduates, who spent those three years pursuing a career through alternative means.
Of course, pay isn’t everything. What’s more important; having a big house and a nice car or feeling a sense of enjoyment, happiness and pride in every piece of work you produce? It all comes down to perspective. Some STEM workers absolutely despise what they do but do it for the pay, whereas those in the arts sometimes earn very little but adore their passion. Still, it can’t be disputed that, on average, STEM workers do earn more.
Conclusion
It does seem to be the case that STEM fields offer more room for career progression and higher earnings. However, these perks are mostly available to men. Once some of the snobbery fizzles away and more equality arrives in the field, STEM will be deserving of the respect and admiration its enthusiasts already believe it has.
